Women and Terrorism: A Sketch on the Phenomenon of Terrorism in the International Scene
Main Article Content
Abstract
The involvement of women in terrorism is not a new phenomenon. But the increasing number of women joining the terrorism movement shows an increasing tendency as a new phenomenon. This is because they care deeply about inequality, suffering and injustice, and are disappointed with the government's inability to eradicate poverty. Unfortunately, these women have not found a more reasonable solution to channel their concerns. Their involvement in terrorism and transnational organizations such as ISIS that supports the idea of the Caliphate - and even to some extent with similar regional experiments in Southeast Asia- can make women feel that they are part of a global movement for change .Efforts are needed to de-radicalize women and the spread of moderate Islam (wasatiyah) as well as adequate socio-economic development to realize justice and prosperity in efforts to counteract and prevent women from engaging in acts of terror.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright Notice
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.Penulis.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (Refer to The Effect of Open Access).
References
Christine Eifler and Ruth Seifert, Gender Dynamics and Post-Conflict Reconstruction,Frankfurt am Main, Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien, 2009. 298 pp
BBC News, "Lake Chad's Baga Sola Town Hit by Suicide Bombers," Oct. 10, 2015. www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-34498417.
David C. Rappaport. Current History 100, no. 650 (December 2001): 419-25.
Margaret Thatcher, speech to American Bar Association, July 25, 1985, www.margaretthatcher.org/document/106096.
Robert Pape, interview by Lynn Neary, NPR, May 21, 2009, www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=104391493.
Anne Speckhard and Khapta Akhmedova, "Black Widows: The Chechen Female Suicide Terrorists," in Female Suicide Bombers: Dying for Equality? ed. Yoram Schweitzer (Tel Aviv: Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies, 2006), 63-80.
Daily Mail (London), "Iraqi Woman Recruited Army of Female Suicide Bombers by Having Them Raped... Then Told Them Martyrdom Was Only Way to Escape Shame," Feb. 5, 2009, www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1134976/Iraqi-woman-recruited-army-female-suicide-bombers-having-raped—told-martyrdom-way-escape-shame.html.
James Adewunmi Falode, "The Nature of Nigeria's Boko Haram War, 2010-2015: A Strategic Analysis," Perspectives on Terrorism 10, no. 1 (2016): 41-52.
UNICEF, Beyond Chibok: Over 1.3 Million Children Uprooted by Boko Haram Violence, April 2016. www.unicef.org/infobycountry/files/Beyond_Chibok.pdf.
Dounia Bouzar, "Rescue Mission: Freeing Young Recruits from the Grip of ISIS," Scientific American Mind 27, no. 3 (May 2016): 41-43.
Institute for Economics and Peace, Global Terrorism Index 2015: Measuring the Impact of Terrorism, 2-7, 26-28 www.visionofhumanity.org/sites/default/files/2015%20Global%20Terrorism%20Index%20Report_1.pdf.
Lies Marcoes, Why do women join radical group, https://rumahkitab.com/women-join-radical-groups/accessed December 12,2019)
CSIS Jakarta, Intoleransi Dan Radikalisme di Kalangan Perempuan, Report, 2017
Amy Chew, South China Morning Post, May 5, 2019
Lindsey A. O'Rourke, What's Special about Female Suicide Terrorism? Journal Security Studies Volume 18, 2009 - Issue 4, pp. 681-718
Christine Eifler and Ruth Seifert, Gender Dynamics and Post-Conflict Reconstruction,Frankfurt am Main, Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien, 2009. 298 pp
Institute for Conflict Policy Analysis [IPAC], Report 2017Mothers to Bombers: The Evolution of Indonesian Women Extremists. IPAC Report No. 35.Retrieved from http://file.understandingconflict.org/file/2017/01/IPAC_Report_35.pdf
Sarah Havlicek, The Islamic State’s War on Women and Girls. Institute for Strategic Dialogue. Institute for Policy Analysis of Conflict (IPAC), IPAC Report No. 33, 1-18, 2015
Al-Arabiya News, 2014
Berita Harian Online, October 9, 2014.